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Kalmuk$543054$ - traduction vers néerlandais
![Golden Temple]] in Elista](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/77letDalajLamy3.jpg?width=200 "Golden Temple]] in Elista")
![Portrait of Kalmyk girl Annushka, by Russian painter [[Ivan Argunov]], 1767](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Annushka by I.Argunov (1767, Kuskovo).jpg?width=200 "Portrait of Kalmyk girl Annushka, by Russian painter [[Ivan Argunov]], 1767")
 b 817.jpg?width=200 "Kalmyk wedding procession, 1880")
![Portrait of [[Feodor Iwanowitsch Kalmyk]] (1763-1832), a painter-sculptor of Kalmyk origin](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Fedor Ivanovich Kalmyck Self-portrait 1815.jpg?width=200 "Portrait of [[Feodor Iwanowitsch Kalmyk]] (1763-1832), a painter-sculptor of Kalmyk origin")
![Tayiji (prince) of the [[Torghuts]] and his wife (土爾扈特台吉). [[Huang Qing Zhigong Tu]], 1769. The Torghuts were the ancestors of the Kalmyks.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Huang Qing Zhigong Tu, 1769, Tayiji (prince) of the Torghuts and his wife (土爾扈特台吉(婦).jpg?width=200 "Tayiji (prince) of the [[Torghuts]] and his wife (土爾扈特台吉). [[Huang Qing Zhigong Tu]], 1769. The Torghuts were the ancestors of the Kalmyks.")
![A traditional Kalmyk encampment. The Kalmyk [[yurt]], called a ''gher'', is a round, portable, self-supporting structure composed of lattice walls, rafters, roof ring, [[felt]] covering and tension bands.<ref>Monica Cellio, [http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/articles/yurt/ "The Construction of a Yurt"], 1995</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kalmyk Encampment.jpg?width=200 "A traditional Kalmyk encampment. The Kalmyk [[yurt]], called a ''gher'', is a round, portable, self-supporting structure composed of lattice walls, rafters, roof ring, [[felt]] covering and tension bands.<ref>Monica Cellio, [http://www.pbm.com/~lindahl/articles/yurt/ \"The Construction of a Yurt\"], 1995</ref>")
![An image of a wooden Kalmyk khurul that once stood at the [[Tsagan Aman]] settlement near [[Astrakhan]]. Note the influence of Russian architecture. A new khurul of Tibetan design was built at Tsagan Aman several years ago.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kalmyk Khurul Tsagan Aman.jpg?width=200 "An image of a wooden Kalmyk khurul that once stood at the [[Tsagan Aman]] settlement near [[Astrakhan]]. Note the influence of Russian architecture. A new khurul of Tibetan design was built at Tsagan Aman several years ago.")
![Kalmyk exodus to [[Dzungaria]]. Engraving by Charles Michel Geoffroy, 1845.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kalmyk exodus (Geoffroy, 1845).JPG?width=200 "Kalmyk exodus to [[Dzungaria]]. Engraving by Charles Michel Geoffroy, 1845.")
![World Chess Federation]], [[Kirsan Ilyumzhinov]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kirsan Ilyumzhinov 2014.jpg?width=200 "World Chess Federation]], [[Kirsan Ilyumzhinov]]")
![[[Lavr Kornilov]], WWI general of the [[Imperial Russian Army]] and commander of the [[Volunteer Army]] during the [[Russian Civil War]], was of mixed Kalmyk ancestry.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Kornilov1916.jpeg?width=200 "[[Lavr Kornilov]], WWI general of the [[Imperial Russian Army]] and commander of the [[Volunteer Army]] during the [[Russian Civil War]], was of mixed Kalmyk ancestry.")
![Mongolic]] speakers reside today.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mongols-map.png?width=200 "Mongolic]] speakers reside today.")
![This map from [[Sebastian Muenster]]'s ''Cosmographia'' is one of the earliest references to the name of the Kalmyks.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Munster Kalmucks.gif?width=200 "This map from [[Sebastian Muenster]]'s ''Cosmographia'' is one of the earliest references to the name of the Kalmyks.")
![This map fragment shows part of the [[Dzungar Khanate]], 1706 ("Carte de Tartarie" of [[Guillaume Delisle]] (1675–1726), Map Collection of the Library of Congress).<ref>[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S?ammem/gmd:@field(SUBJ+@od1(Russia--Siberia+)). "Carte de Tartarie" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675–1726)], Map Collection of the Library of Congress</ref>](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pays des calmoucs.gif?width=200 "This map fragment shows part of the [[Dzungar Khanate]], 1706 (\"Carte de Tartarie\" of [[Guillaume Delisle]] (1675–1726), Map Collection of the Library of Congress).<ref>[http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/S?ammem/gmd:@field(SUBJ+@od1(Russia--Siberia+)). \"Carte de Tartarie\" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675–1726)], Map Collection of the Library of Congress</ref>")
![Kalmyks in [[Elista]], Republic of Kalmykia](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Домбристы в национальных калмыцких костюмах.jpg?width=200 "Kalmyks in [[Elista]], Republic of Kalmykia")
Définition
Wikipédia
The Kalmyks (Kalmyk: Хальмгуд, Xaľmgud; Mongolian: Халимагууд, romanized: Halimaguud; Russian: Калмыки, romanized: Kalmyki; archaically anglicised as Calmucks) are a Mongolic ethnic group living mainly in Russia, whose ancestors migrated from Dzungaria. They created the Kalmyk Khanate from 1635 to 1779 in the south of the European part of Russia territory. Today they form a majority in Kalmykia, located in the Kalmyk Steppe, on the western shore of the Caspian Sea.
They are the only traditionally Buddhist people whose homeland is located within Europe. Through emigration, small Kalmyk communities have been established in the United States, France, Germany, and the Czech Republic.
